Friction-turbine.



J. A. JOHNSEN.

FRICTION TURBINE.

APPLICATION FILED NOV. 1, 1911.

1,056,338. Patented Mar.18,1913.

2 SHEETSSHEET 1.

J. A. JOHNSEN.

FRICTION TURBINE.

A PPLIOATION FILED NOV. 1, 1911. 1,Q56,33& Patented 1 m. 18, 1913.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

nurses r STTES PATENT JONAS ALBERT JOHNSEN, 0F COPENHAGEN, DENMARK.

FRICTION-TURBINE.

specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Mar. 18, 19313.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that l, JONAS ALBERT JOHN- SEN, of No. 20 liaessoesgade, Copenhagen, in the Kingdom of Denmark, mechanical engineer, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Friction-Turbines; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which itnappertains to make and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to letters or figures of reference marked thereon, which" form a part of this specification.

The object of the present invention is a turbine of the kind in which the direction of movement of the driving agent and that of the surface of the rotor coincide, and where the reaction between the driving agent and the rotor is based on friction. For the purpose of increasing the efficiency the rotor is composed of a large number of thin adjoining disks in order to present a large surface, and the path of the driving agent is through the narrow spaces between the disks so that the driving agent is finely divided up during its working action.

Compared with an already proposed construction of similar nature, by which the length of the path traveled through by each particle of the driving agent in the rotor is less than one revolution, the main feature of the present invention is that the driving agent (fluid, steam, compressed air or the like) in the rotor is caused to move relatively in a radial direction so as to be capable of effecting several revolutions consecutively with increasing or decreasing radius that is to say the motive medium travels in spiral paths in frictional contact with the plates. Through this arrangement the value of one of the factors upon which the efficiency depends c. the length of the line on the rotor-surface against which a particle of the driving agent 'canlcause friction, is considerably increased.

Another means by which the efficiency of the present invention is increased is to construct the outer disks of the rotor so as to form a kind of lock sun-minding the inlet so that the driving agent, as soon as it leaves the nozzle is mainly surrounded by co-revolving surfaces, as will be hereinafter described. 4

A third means for increasing the efficiency is to considerably increase the number of disks in the rotor by making these disksvery thin, for instance from 0.05 to 0.5 mm., and arranged at correspondingly small intervals.

The working spaces of the rotor need not absolutely be disk-shaped, they might also cases of course, the thin conical, cylindrical or spherical bodies must be suitablystiffened. The relative movement of the driv ing agent will by such forms of construction not take place in a radial direction (in the conical and spherical form), or in an axial direction only (in the cylindrical form of construction). v

The drawing shows schematically four forms of constructions of the invention, Figures 1, 3, and 7 in cross sections. vercross-sections parallel to shaft. Figs. 3 and 5 also show part of the cover of the turbine casing, while the bedplate of the tu'rbine is omitted in' Figs; to 7. Figs-9 and'dO show details.

For simplicitys sake the examples dealt with only relate to single stage turbines without compounding.

the relative direction of the driving agent to be radial. The driving agent is letin tangentially to a circle with its center in the axis, and leaves the rotor in another circle of larger or smaller radius.

ln the forms of construction shown on Figs. 1 to 6 the rotor consists of a pair of outer disks 1 and 2 so rigid not tobe liable to bend by the pressure of the driving agent. Between these outer disks are arranged a considerable number of disks 3 with interposed distance pieces 4. As mentioncd the disks 3 may be so thin as not to be ablewhen at rest-to keep rigid, and are only straightened out during and by rotation. The distance pieces 4 may be as thin as the disks 3 so that a narrow space be conical, cylindrical or spherical. In suchi but either in a combined radial and axial The rotor is as sumed to be made of ad acent d1sks, and' tical to Shaft, and Figs. 2, 4, c andS in l du 1 Logeb harm"! and which 4 v outer dmizs "7 in the inner n. cylindn 11 and the outer edges formed 2m annular e 11 ll-emu in many Ways, B one side 7r; t a the mounting in the tut :e )y ring and iha angen'ient 0.. this The inlet Lula Thus, in. mi: 1 inlet i )e mning 5 formed, and the size 3. 1th COEJDIOKL 9.15

:5 mm 33 the desig J In this 0- l 1 e 3 mm 7 1 and 2,

i such C16 relaaim r115 agent is imlic ascertained the nature of this said invention I the plates and the centrifugal action clue to and in What manner the same is to be perthe speed of rotation. formed I declare that What I claim is: t In testimony that I claim the foregoing as In a friction turbine, a rotor having a my invention, I have signed my name in 5 plurality of spaced plates too thin to be selfpresence of two subscribing Witnesses.

SUPPOIlIlD means to supply motive fi'uid T T between the plates to impart rotation to the JOB AS ALBERT JOHB plates and thereby bring said plates to nor- Witnesses:

mal shape under the frictional and sup- ERNEST BOUTARD,

10 porting action of the fluid while traversing P. HoFMANsoN. 

